Phenotype-Specific Review
Functional Seizures
Key Articles
Using semiology to classify epileptic seizures vs psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A meta-analysis
Muthusamy S, Seneviratne U, Ding C, Phan TG. Using semiology to classify epileptic seizures vs psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A meta-analysis. Neurol Clin Pract. 2022 Jun;12(3):234-247.
Evidence-Based Practice for the Clinical Assessment of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures: A Report From the American Neuropsychiatric Association Committee on Research
Baslet G, Bajestan SN, Aybek S, et al. Evidence-Based Practice for the Clinical Assessment of Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures: A Report From the American Neuropsychiatric Association Committee on Research. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2021 Winter;33(1):27-42.
open access
Minimum requirements for the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a staged approach: a report from the International League Against Epilepsy Nonepileptic Seizures Task Force
LaFrance WC Jr, Baker GA, Duncan R, Goldstein LH, Reuber M. Minimum requirements for the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a staged approach: a report from the International League Against Epilepsy Nonepileptic Seizures Task Force. Epilepsia. 2013 Nov;54(11):2005-18.
open access
Using verbally-reported and video-observed semiology to identify functional seizures
Kerr WT. Using verbally-reported and video-observed semiology to identify functional seizures. Neurologic Clinic. 2023 [Epub].
Recorded Lectures
Functional Seizures
Barbara Dworetzky - FNDS2022
Non-epileptic Attacks: Subjective Symptoms
Markus Reuber - FNDS2018
Non-epileptic Attacks: Semiology
W. Curt LaFrance, Jr. - FNDS2018
Functional Movement Disorder
Key Articles
Functional Movement Disorder: An Interdisciplinary Case-Based Approach
LaFaver K, Maurer CW, Nicholson TR, Perez DL, eds. Functional Movement Disorder: An Interdisciplinary Case-Based Approach. Springer Nature; 2022.
European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome 2022 criteria for clinical diagnosis of functional tic-like behaviours: International consensus from experts in tic disorders
Pringsheim T, Ganos C, Nilles C, Cavanna AE, Gilbert DL, Greenberg E, Hartmann A, Hedderly T, Heyman I, Liang H, Malaty I, Malik O, Debes NM, Vahl KM, Munchau A, Murphy T, Nagy P, Owen T, Rizzo R, Skov L, Stern J, Szejko N, Worbe Y, Martino D. European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome 2022 criteria for clinical diagnosis of functional tic-like behaviours: International consensus from experts in tic disorders. Eur J Neurol. 2023 Apr;30(4):902-910.
The symptom of functional weakness: a controlled study of 107 patients
Stone J, Warlow C, Sharpe M. The symptom of functional weakness: a controlled study of 107 patients. Brain 2010; 133: 1537–51.
open access
Functional movement disorders: Assessment and treatment
Serranova T, Di Vico I, Tinazzi M. Functional movement disorders: Assessment and treatment. Neurologic Clinics. 2023 [ePub].
The syndrome of fixed dystonia: an evaluation of 103 patients
Schrag A, Trimble M, Quinn N, Bhatia K. The syndrome of fixed dystonia: an evaluation of 103 patients. Brain 2004; 127: 2360–72.
open access
Moving Beyond Movement: Diagnosing Functional Movement Disorder
Gilmour GS, Lidstone SC. Moving Beyond Movement: Diagnosing Functional Movement Disorder. Semin Neurol. 2023 Feb;43(1):106-122.
Recorded Lectures
Functional Tics and Complex Repetitive Behaviours
Christos Ganos - Webinar2021
Findings from a National FND Database
Michele Tinazzi - Webinar2021
Overview of Psychogenic Movement Disorders
Joseph Jankovic - FNDS2018
Dystonia: Organic vs Functional
Joseph Jankovic - Webinar
Functional Gait Disorders
Bas Bloem - Webinar
Functional Tics
José Fidel Baizabal Carvallo and Joseph Jankovic - Webinar
Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD)
Key Articles
Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD): a common, characteristic and treatable cause of chronic dizziness
Popkirov S, Staab JP, Stone J. Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD): a common, characteristic and treatable cause of chronic dizziness. Practical Neurology. 2018;18:5-13.
open access
Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness: Review and update on key mechanisms of the most common functional neuro-otologic disorder
Staab J. Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness: Review and update on key mechanisms of the most common functional neuro-otologic disorder. Neurologic Clinic. 2023 [Epub].
Recorded Lectures
Functional Cognitive Disorder and Long Haul COVID
Laura McWhirter - FNDS2022
Functional Cognitive Symptoms
Stoyan Popkirov - FNDS2018
Functional Cognitive Disorders
Harriet Ball and Laura McWhirter - Webinar
Other FND
Recorded Lectures
Functional Auditory Disorders
David Baguley - FNDS2018
Functional Eye Movement Disorders/Vision
Diego Kaski - FNDS2018
Functional Speech Disorders
Joseph R. Duffy - FNDS2018